Autonomous System details for AS4540

AS4540 peers with these other Autonomous Systems.

Peering is a direct, often free, traffic exchange between Autonomous Systems (ASNs). They share routes only to their own networks and customers, making connections faster and cheaper for that specific traffic, without providing full internet access to each other.

AS4540 uses these Autonomous Systems as its upstreams.

An upstream (or transit provider) is another AS that AS4540 pays for full internet connectivity, allowing it to reach all global destinations and be reachable by them.

AS4540 provides internet connectivity to these downstream Autonomous Systems.

A downstream is a customer Autonomous System that pays another AS (its provider) for internet access. The provider AS carries the downstream's traffic and makes its network reachable.